Below are plots based on voting patterns for each edition of the Ann Arbor City Council from 2011 through the current edition. In that respect the 2014–2015 edition is not complete--because the analysis was run on Sept. 6, 2015, and the current edition of the Council will persist for five additional meetings. 

The data set includes all votes that were not unanimous. The basic technique was to let each of the N questions on which the Council voted define a multi-dimensional vector for each Council Member, with the value of that vector for any dimension p in N defined as  +1 (yes), -1 (no) or 0 (absent) depending on the Council Member's vote on the question p. A distance matrix was then computed for those vectors, and that distance matrix was then used as the basis for three types of analyses: metric non-dimensional scaling plotted in 3D, non-metric non-dimensional scaling plotted in 3D, and kmeans cluster analysis for three clusters in 2D. 

Within each analysis section below, editions of the City Council are ordered from oldest to most recent. 

Kmeans Cluster Analysis: 3 Clusters

Multidimensional Scaling: Metric

 

Multidimensional Scaling: Non-Metric